“And he called to him his twelve disciples and gave them authority over unclean spirits, to cast them out, and to heal every disease and every affliction. 2 The names of the twelve apostles are these: first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother; 3 Philip and Bartholomew; Thomas and Matthew the tax collector; James the son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus; 4 Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot, who betrayed him.” (Matthew 10:1–4 ESV)
We begin our profile of the Twelve Apostles with Simon Peter. Our study of Peter will be the most extensive. Today, we begin with his background.
Peter was raised in bilingual Galilee. John 1:44 says that the home of Andrew (his brother) and Peter was Bethsaida. The exact location of Bethsaida is difficult to place archaeologically. The only known site is east of the Jordan River in the district called Gaulanitis. However, John 12:21 places Bethsaida in Galilee. It is possible that the Apostle John is reflecting the popular use of the term “Galilee” rather than the legal one.
Peter and Andrew had a fishing business centered in Capernaum (Mark 1:21, 29) and were partners with James and John (Luke 5:10). It is also likely that they intermittently continued in their business while Jesus’ disciples (John 21:1–8). It may have been that the disciples did leave the practice of their fishing businesses to follow Christ, but kept the tools of their trade and returned to their trades when necessary. Luke 18:28 occurs in the context of leaving their homes but obviously is not meant in an absolute sense.
They certainly did not abandon their families, as evidenced by Peter, who returned to his home at the end of each tour. The New Testament tells us that Peter was married. In Mark 1:29–31 Jesus healed Peter’s mother-in-law, who perhaps was living in Peter’s home. In fact, it is possible that his home became Jesus’ headquarters in Galilee (Matthew 8:14).
1 Corinthians 9:5 (ESV) says, “Do we not have the right to take along a believing wife, as do the other apostles and the brothers of the Lord and Cephas?” It appears that Peter’s wife accompanied him in his missionary endeavors.
“The Apostle Peter is the only other Apostle who can be said to be Paul’s equal in terms of significance for the history of the early church. His given name was Simon (Matt. 4:18; Mark 1:16; Luke 5:4), but he would become most well-known as Petros, the Greek translation of the Aramaic nickname Cephas (meaning “rock”), given to him by Jesus (Matt. 16:18). His prominence in the early church is anticipated by his special naming by Jesus and would develop in light of his association with the church at Rome (1 Peter 5:13),” explains Dr. Matthew A. Dudreck is associate professor of New Testament at Reformation Bible College in Sanford, Fla.
Peter’s background suggests that he was just a regular person; not unlike you and me. However, the Lord Jesus Christ used him in significant ways; just as the Lord uses us.
More to come. Have a blessed day in the Lord.
Soli deo Gloria!

